The car body is very unsightly rusted, which is mainly caused by the direct contact of sheet metal with the outside world.
If the rust is not very serious, you can first use a very fine water sandpaper dipped in water to gently rub off the rust spots, completely wipe off, and apply a layer of primer, so that the rust will not expand.
If it is a new scratch, the primer can be applied directly after wiping. Although such treatment is not good-looking, it will not hurt if the scratch is not big.